.ua

.ua is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Ukraine. To register at the second-level (example) domainname.ua, possession of the exact trademark (matching the domain name) is required. It is not required for third-level domains (.com.ua, .net.ua, etc.).

.ua
IntroducedDecember 1, 1992 (1992-12-01)
TLD typeCountry code top-level domain
StatusActive
RegistryHostmaster Ltd.
Intended useEntities connected with Ukraine
Actual usePopular in Ukraine
Registered domains549,180 (Jan 2021)[1]
Registration restrictionsMust be the owner of a trade mark registered in Ukraine for second-level domains (and may only register if the domain name is the same as the trade mark); no restrictions for third-level domains
DocumentsPolicy documents
Dispute policiesDomain dispute resolution policy
DNSSECYes
Registry websiteHostmaster

History
  • 1 December 1992: Registered in root zone
  • 13 April 2012: DNSSEC enabled in root zone
  • 26 February 2022: Domain servers transferred out of Kyiv for continuity reasons amid the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine[2]

Statistics

As of March 2017, around 10.78% of all the .ua domains were served via secured HTTPS protocol, with the Let's Encrypt Authority X3 being the most popular SSL certificate.[3] Nginx is the most popular web server, serving 68.97% of the .ua domains, followed by Apache serving 17.75% of the total .ua domains.[3]

Third-level & second-level domains

To remove the risk of cyber squatting, registration of second-level domains directly below .ua is restricted to owners of registered trade marks, who may register a domain name similar to that of the trade mark in question. However, third-level domains can be registered beneath some of the following:

  • .com.ua: paid, commercial organizations
  • .edu.ua: free, available only to proved educational organisations.
  • .gov.ua: free, available only to governmental organizations
  • .net.ua: paid, network service providers
  • .in.ua: paid, domains for individuals
  • .org.ua: paid, other organizations (non-commercial)
  • .mil.ua: free, available only to armed forces

There are also second-level domains which are region-specific. These are less popular than the above list (making domain names more available) but they are sometimes restricted to organisations exclusively from within the region.

  • .cherkasy.ua, .cherkassy.ua (ck.ua): Cherkasy Oblast
  • .chernihiv.ua, .chernigov.ua (.cn.ua): Chernihiv Oblast
  • .chernivtsi.ua, .chernovtsy.ua (cv.ua): Chernivtsi Oblast
  • .yalta.ua, .crimea.ua: Yalta, Crimea
  • .dnipropetrovsk.ua, .dnepropetrovsk.ua (.dp.ua): Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
  • .donetsk.ua (.dn.ua): Donetsk Oblast
  • .ivano-frankivsk.ua (.if.ua): Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
  • .kharkiv.ua, .kharkov.ua (.kh.ua): Kharkiv Oblast
  • .kherson.ua (.ks.ua): Kherson Oblast[4]
  • .khmelnitskiy.ua (.km.ua): Khmelnytskyi Oblast
  • .kropyvnytskyi.ua, .kirovograd.ua (.kr.ua): Kirovohrad Oblast
  • .kyiv.ua, .kiev.ua: Kyiv
  • .lugansk.ua (.lg.ua): Luhansk Oblast
  • .lutsk.ua, .volyn.ua (.lt.ua): Lutsk, Volyn Oblast
  • .lviv.ua: Lviv Oblast
  • .mykolaiv.ua, .nikolaev.ua (.mk.ua): Mykolaiv Oblast
  • .odesa.ua, .odessa.ua (.od.ua): Odesa Oblast
  • .poltava.ua (.pl.ua): Poltava Oblast
  • .rivne.ua, .rovno.ua (.rv.ua): Rivne Oblast
  • .sebastopol.ua: Sevastopol
  • .sumy.ua (.sm.ua)- Sumy Oblast
  • .ternopil.ua (.te.ua): Ternopil Oblast
  • .uzhgorod.ua (.uz.ua): Uzhhorod
  • .vinnytsia.ua, .vinnica.ua (.vn.ua): Vinnytsia Oblast
  • .zaporizhzhe.ua (.zp.ua): Zaporizhzhia Oblast
  • .zhitomir.ua (.zt.ua): Zhytomyr Oblast

Reserved domain names
  • .cr.ua: Crimea
  • .khmelnytskyi.ua: Khmelnytskyi Oblast
  • .krym.ua: Crimea
  • .kv.ua: Kyiv
  • .lv.ua: Lviv Oblast
  • .luhansk.ua: Luhansk Oblast
  • .sb.ua: Sevastopol
  • .sevastopol.ua: Sevastopol
  • .sicheslav.ua: Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
  • .uzhhorod.ua: Uzhhorod
  • .zakarpattia.ua: Zakarpattia Oblast
  • .zaporizhzhia.ua: Zaporizhzhia Oblast
  • .zhytomyr.ua: Zhytomyr Oblast

Technological domains
  • admin.ua
  • ipv6.ua
  • ns.ua
  • ua.ua
  • www.ua
  • xn--mqa.ua
  • dnssec.ua
  • rdap.ua
  • epp1.ua
  • epp2.ua

See also

References
  1. "Доменна статистика .UA за підсумками 2020 року". hostmaster.ua (in Ukrainian). 2021-01-22. Retrieved 2021-02-01.
  2. "Сервера домену .UA переведено до країн Європи". hostmaster.ua (in Ukrainian). 2022-02-26. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
  3. "Статистика українського інтернету". www.ukralio.com (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 2017-02-17. Retrieved 2017-03-01.
  4. "NIC.KS.UA". Archived from the original on 1 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2022.


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